[ندعوك للتسجيل في المنتدى أو التعريف بنفسك لمعاينة هذه الصورة]
12
- باب الحث على الازدياد من الخير في أواخر العمر
Urging
towards increasing Good Actions in later part of Life
قال
الله تعالى ( فاطر 37 ) : { أولم نعمركم ما يتذكر فيه من تذكر وجاءكم النذير
}
قال ابن عباس والمحققون : معناه : أولم نعمركم ستين سنة ويؤيده الحديث الذي
سنذكره إن شاء الله تعالى . وقيل معناه : ثماني عشرة سنة . وقيل : أربعين سنة .
قاله الحسن والكلبي ومسروق ونقل عن ابن عباس أيضا ونقلوا أن أهل المدينة كانوا إذا
بلغ أحدهم أربعين سنة تفرغ للعبادة . وقيل هو : البلوغ . وقوله تعالى : { وجاءكم
النذير } قال ابن عباس والجمهور : هو النبي صلى الله عليه و سلم . وقيل : الشيب .
قاله عكرمة وابن عيينة وغيرهما والله أعلم
Allah, the
Exalted, says:
"Did We not
give you lives long enough, so that whosoever would receive admonition, - could
receive it? And the warner came to you.'' (35:37)
Ibn `Abbas
and others said that "long enough''
in the Verse means sixty years. The Hadith which follows supports this. Others
said it means eighteen years; Al-Hasan Al-Basri, Al-Kalbi and Masruq said it
means forty years, it has also been reported by Ibn Abbas and others that
whenever the people of Al-Madinah turned forty years of age, they would devote
themselves completely to worship. "Long enough''
in the Verse has also been interpreted to mean the age of puberty. Ibn `Abbas
and the majority of Muslim scholars said that the "warner'' in
the Verse refers to the Prophet (PBUH). `Ikrimah bin `Umaiyyah and others
interpreted this word as the grayness or whiteness of hair". Allah knows
better.
112
- وأما الأحاديث فالأول عن أبي هريرة رضي الله عنه عن النبي صلى الله عليه و سلم
قال : [ أعذر الله إلى امرئ أخر أجله حتى بلغ ستين سنة ] رواه البخاري
قال
العلماء : معناه : لم يترك له عذرا إذ أمهله هذه المدة . يقال : أعذر الرجل إذا بلغ
الغاية في العذر
112.
Abu Hurairah
(May Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Prophet (PBUH)
said, "Allah excuses
and grants forgiveness to a person until he attains the age of sixty
years".
[Al-Bukhari].
Commentary:
1. This Hadith
makes it evident that Allah does not punish any individual or nation without
warning them first.
2. The second
point is that a person who is given sixty years of life and yet he neglects the
obligations of Faith, will have no excuse.
3. After the age
of sixty years, one must not neglect his religious obligations because then one
is closer to death. Although one may die even at a young age, in youth one is
still hopeful of life. After crossing the age of sixty, to hope for longer age,
while leading a sinful life and defying Divine injunctions constitute a
disastrous conduct. May Allah save us from doing so.
113
- الثاني عن ابن عباس رضي الله عنه قال : كان عمر رضي الله عنه يدخلني مع أشياخ بدر
فكأن بعضهم وجد في نفسه فقال : لم يدخل هذا معنا ولنا أبناء مثله ؟ فقال عمر : إنه
من حيث علمتم . فدعاني ذات يوم فأدخلني معهم فما رأيت أنه دعاني يومئذ إلا ليريهم .
قال : ما تقولون في قول الله تعالى : { إذا جاء يصر الله والفتح } ؟ فقال بعضهم :
أمرنا نحمد الله ونستغفره إذا نصرنا وفتح علينا وسكت بعضهم فلم يقل شيئا . فقال لي
: أكذلك تقول يا ابن عباس ؟ فقلت لا . قال : فما تقول ؟ قلت : هو أجل رسول الله صلى
الله عليه و سلم أعلمه له قال : { إذا جاء نصر الله والفتح } وذلك علامة أجلك {
فسبح بحمد ربك واستغفره إنه كان توابا } [ الفتح : 3 ] فقال عمر رضي الله عنه : ما
أعلم منها إلا ما تقول . رواه البخاري
113.
Ibn `Abbas
(May Allah be pleased with them) said: `Umar (May Allah be pleased with him)
used to make me sit with the noble elderly men who had participated in the
battle of Badr. Some of them disliked it and said to `Umar: "Why do you
bring in this boy to sit with us when we have sons like him?'' `Umar
replied: "Because of
the status he has, which you already know about (i.e., belongs to the source of
knowledge and the house of the Prophet (PBUH)).'' One day, `Umar called me and
seated me in the gathering of those people; and I think that he called me just
to show them (of my religious knowledge). `Umar then questioned them (in my
presence). "How do you
interpret the ayah of Allah: `When there comes the Help of Allah (to you, O
Muhammad (PBUH) against your enemies) and the Conquest (of Makkah).''' Someone
said that when Allah's Help and the Conquest (of Makkah) came to us, we were
called upon to celebrate the Praise of Allah and ask for His forgiveness. Some
others remained silent and did not utter a word. Thereupon `Umar asked
me: "Ibn `Abbas!
Do you say the same.'' I replied: "No". He
said: "What do you
say then?'' I replied: "That is the
sign of the Prophet's death about which he had been informed. Allah, the
Exalted, says:
'When there
comes the help of Allah (to you, O Muhammad (PBUH) against your enemies) and the
Conquest (of Makkah)'.
So declare
the remoteness of your Rubb from every imperfection, and ask for His
forgiveness. Verily, He is the One Who accepts the repentance and Who
forgives".
On that `Umar
(May Allah be pleased with him) said: "I do not know
anything about it other than what you have said".
[Al-Bukhari]
Commentary:
1. This value of
man does not go with the length of age but with that of intellect, intelligence,
knowledge and consciousness. For this reason, a young boy can have precedence
and preference over the elders due to his clear understanding and vast
knowledge.
2. When a person
gets closer to death, he must devote himself more and more to the praise and
glorification of Allah and beg pardon from Him.
114
- الثالث عن عائشة رضي الله عنها قالت : ما صلى رسول الله صلى الله عليه و سلم صلاة
بعد أن نزلت عليه { إذا جاء نصر الله والفتح } إلا يقول فيها [ سبحانك ربنا وبحمدك
اللهم اغفر لي ] متفق عليه
وفي رواية في الصحيحين عنها : كان رسول الله صلى الله
عليه و سلم يكثر أن يقول في ركوعه وسجوده [ سبحانك اللهم ربنا وبحمدك اللهم اغفر لي
] يتأول القرآن . معنى [ يتأول القرآن ] : أي يعمل ما أمر به في القرآن في قوله
تعالى : { فسبح بحمد ربك واستغفره }
وفي رواية لمسلم : كان رسول الله صلى الله
عليه و سلم يكثر أن يقول قبل أن يموت [ سبحانك وبحمدك أستغفرك وأتوب إليك ] قالت
عائشة قلت : يا رسول الله ما هذه الكلمات التي أراك أحدثتها تقولها ؟ قال : [ جعلت
لي علامة في أمتي إذا رأيتها قلتها { إذا جاء نصر الله والفتح } إلى آخر
السورة
وفي رواية له : كان رسول الله صلى الله عليه و سلم يكثر من قول : [ سبحان
الله وبحمده أستغفر الله وأتوب إليه ] قالت قلت : يا رسول الله أراك تكثر من قول [
سبحان الله وبحمده أستغفر الله وأتوب إليه ] ؟ فقال : [ أخبرني ربي أني سأرى علامة
في أمتي فإذا رأيتها أكثرت من قول سبحان الله وبحمده أستغفر الله وأتوب إليه . فقد
رأيتها { إذا جاء نصر الله والفتح } : فتح مكة { ورأيت الناس يدخلون في دين الله
أفواجا فسبح بحمد ربك واستغفره إنه كان توابا }
114. '
Aishah (May
Allah be pleased with her) said: After the revelation of (the
Surah) "When the Help
of Allah comes (to you, O Muhammad (PBUH) against your enemies) and the Conquest
(of Makkah)'' (110:1), Messenger of Allah (PBUH) used to recite in every
prayer: "Subhanaka
Rabbana wa bihamdika, Allahum-maghfir li (Far removed You are from every
imperfection, our Rubb, and all praise is for You, forgive me, O
Allah)".
[Al-Bukhari
and Muslim].
Another
narration is: Messenger of Allah (PBUH) recited frequently in bowing and
prostration: "Subhanaka
Rabbana wa bihamdika, Allahum-maghfir li. (Far removed You are from every
imperfection, our Rubb, and all praise is for You, forgive me, O
Allah)". He elucidated
that it has been commanded in the Noble Qur'an to recite: "So glorify
the Praises of your Rubb, and ask for His forgiveness. Verily, He is the One Who
accepts the repentance and Who forgives". (V.110:1) And
he (the Messenger of Allah) acted upon it.
According to
the narration in Muslim, Messenger of Allah (PBUH) frequently recited these
words just before he passed away: "Subhanaka
Rabbana wa bihamdika. Astaghfiruka wa atubu ilaika.'' I (`Aishah (May Allah be
pleased with her) asked him: "O Messenger
of Allah! What are these new words which I hear from you repeatedly.'' He
replied, "A sign has
been appointed for me relating to my people that I should repeat these words at
the sight of that sign". Then he
recited Surat
An-Nasr.
Another
narration in Muslim related from `Aishah (May Allah be pleased with her) is:
Messenger of Allah (PBUH) often recited, "Glory be to
Allah and praise be to Him; I seek forgiveness of Allah and turn to Him in
repentance.'' I said to him: "O Messenger
of Allah, I hear you recite frequently: `O Allah, You are free from every
imperfection our Rubb and all praise is for You; I seek forgiveness of Allah and
turn to Him in repentance.''' He replied, "My Rubb has
informed me that I would soon see a sign regarding my people, whenever I see it,
I repeat this statement more often (of His Glorification and Praise and beg
pardon of Him and turn to Him). Now I have witnessed the sign. The revelation of
Surat An-Nasr
and the victory is the conquest of Makkah.''
"When there
comes the Help of Allah (to you, O Muhammad (PBUH) against your enemies) and the
Conquest (of Makkah). And you see that the people enter Allah's religion (Islam)
in crowds. So glorify the Praises of your Rubb, and ask His forgiveness. Verily,
He is the One Who accepts the repentance and Who forgives.''
(110:1-3)
Commentary:
1. Acceptance
and approval of reciting the words `Subhanaka Rabbana wa bihamdika,
Allahum-maghfirli' in Ruku` and Sujud respectively, instead of the words
`Subhana Rabbiyal-Azim' and `Subhana Rabbiyal-A`la'.
2. One must
express his gratitude to Allah whenever he receives a blessing from
Him.
115
- الرابع عن أنس رضي الله عنه قال : إن الله عز و جل تابع الوحي على رسول الله صلى
الله عليه و سلم قبل وفاته حتى توفي أكثر ما كان الوحي . متفق
عليه
115.
Anas (May
Allah be pleased with him) said: Allah the Rubb of honour and glory sent
Revelation to His Messenger (PBUH) more frequently before his death than at any
other time.
[Al-Bukhari
and Muslim].
Commentary:
During the last days of the Prophet (PBUH) the abundance of Wahy (Revelation)
was an indication that he was about to leave this world.
116
- الخامس عن جابر رضي الله عنه قال قال النبي صلى الله عليه و سلم : يبعث كل عبد
على ما مات عليه ] رواه مسلم
16.
Jabir (May
Allah be pleased with him) said: The Prophet (PBUH) said, "Every one
will be raised in the condition in which he dies".
[Muslim].
Commentary:
This Hadith has a meaning similar to the one quoted at another place which
signifies that if a person dies performing good deeds, he will have a good end;
and the one who dies in misdeeds, he will come to a bad end. It is, therefore,
necessary that one should always avoid disobedience of Divine injunctions,
especially in old age and illness because one may fall in the clutches of death
at any time .
12
- باب الحث على الازدياد من الخير في أواخر العمر
Urging
towards increasing Good Actions in later part of Life
قال
الله تعالى ( فاطر 37 ) : { أولم نعمركم ما يتذكر فيه من تذكر وجاءكم النذير
}
قال ابن عباس والمحققون : معناه : أولم نعمركم ستين سنة ويؤيده الحديث الذي
سنذكره إن شاء الله تعالى . وقيل معناه : ثماني عشرة سنة . وقيل : أربعين سنة .
قاله الحسن والكلبي ومسروق ونقل عن ابن عباس أيضا ونقلوا أن أهل المدينة كانوا إذا
بلغ أحدهم أربعين سنة تفرغ للعبادة . وقيل هو : البلوغ . وقوله تعالى : { وجاءكم
النذير } قال ابن عباس والجمهور : هو النبي صلى الله عليه و سلم . وقيل : الشيب .
قاله عكرمة وابن عيينة وغيرهما والله أعلم
Allah, the
Exalted, says:
"Did We not
give you lives long enough, so that whosoever would receive admonition, - could
receive it? And the warner came to you.'' (35:37)
Ibn `Abbas
and others said that "long enough''
in the Verse means sixty years. The Hadith which follows supports this. Others
said it means eighteen years; Al-Hasan Al-Basri, Al-Kalbi and Masruq said it
means forty years, it has also been reported by Ibn Abbas and others that
whenever the people of Al-Madinah turned forty years of age, they would devote
themselves completely to worship. "Long enough''
in the Verse has also been interpreted to mean the age of puberty. Ibn `Abbas
and the majority of Muslim scholars said that the "warner'' in
the Verse refers to the Prophet (PBUH). `Ikrimah bin `Umaiyyah and others
interpreted this word as the grayness or whiteness of hair". Allah knows
better.
112
- وأما الأحاديث فالأول عن أبي هريرة رضي الله عنه عن النبي صلى الله عليه و سلم
قال : [ أعذر الله إلى امرئ أخر أجله حتى بلغ ستين سنة ] رواه البخاري
قال
العلماء : معناه : لم يترك له عذرا إذ أمهله هذه المدة . يقال : أعذر الرجل إذا بلغ
الغاية في العذر
112.
Abu Hurairah
(May Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Prophet (PBUH)
said, "Allah excuses
and grants forgiveness to a person until he attains the age of sixty
years".
[Al-Bukhari].
Commentary:
1. This Hadith
makes it evident that Allah does not punish any individual or nation without
warning them first.
2. The second
point is that a person who is given sixty years of life and yet he neglects the
obligations of Faith, will have no excuse.
3. After the age
of sixty years, one must not neglect his religious obligations because then one
is closer to death. Although one may die even at a young age, in youth one is
still hopeful of life. After crossing the age of sixty, to hope for longer age,
while leading a sinful life and defying Divine injunctions constitute a
disastrous conduct. May Allah save us from doing so.
113
- الثاني عن ابن عباس رضي الله عنه قال : كان عمر رضي الله عنه يدخلني مع أشياخ بدر
فكأن بعضهم وجد في نفسه فقال : لم يدخل هذا معنا ولنا أبناء مثله ؟ فقال عمر : إنه
من حيث علمتم . فدعاني ذات يوم فأدخلني معهم فما رأيت أنه دعاني يومئذ إلا ليريهم .
قال : ما تقولون في قول الله تعالى : { إذا جاء يصر الله والفتح } ؟ فقال بعضهم :
أمرنا نحمد الله ونستغفره إذا نصرنا وفتح علينا وسكت بعضهم فلم يقل شيئا . فقال لي
: أكذلك تقول يا ابن عباس ؟ فقلت لا . قال : فما تقول ؟ قلت : هو أجل رسول الله صلى
الله عليه و سلم أعلمه له قال : { إذا جاء نصر الله والفتح } وذلك علامة أجلك {
فسبح بحمد ربك واستغفره إنه كان توابا } [ الفتح : 3 ] فقال عمر رضي الله عنه : ما
أعلم منها إلا ما تقول . رواه البخاري
113.
Ibn `Abbas
(May Allah be pleased with them) said: `Umar (May Allah be pleased with him)
used to make me sit with the noble elderly men who had participated in the
battle of Badr. Some of them disliked it and said to `Umar: "Why do you
bring in this boy to sit with us when we have sons like him?'' `Umar
replied: "Because of
the status he has, which you already know about (i.e., belongs to the source of
knowledge and the house of the Prophet (PBUH)).'' One day, `Umar called me and
seated me in the gathering of those people; and I think that he called me just
to show them (of my religious knowledge). `Umar then questioned them (in my
presence). "How do you
interpret the ayah of Allah: `When there comes the Help of Allah (to you, O
Muhammad (PBUH) against your enemies) and the Conquest (of Makkah).''' Someone
said that when Allah's Help and the Conquest (of Makkah) came to us, we were
called upon to celebrate the Praise of Allah and ask for His forgiveness. Some
others remained silent and did not utter a word. Thereupon `Umar asked
me: "Ibn `Abbas!
Do you say the same.'' I replied: "No". He
said: "What do you
say then?'' I replied: "That is the
sign of the Prophet's death about which he had been informed. Allah, the
Exalted, says:
'When there
comes the help of Allah (to you, O Muhammad (PBUH) against your enemies) and the
Conquest (of Makkah)'.
So declare
the remoteness of your Rubb from every imperfection, and ask for His
forgiveness. Verily, He is the One Who accepts the repentance and Who
forgives".
On that `Umar
(May Allah be pleased with him) said: "I do not know
anything about it other than what you have said".
[Al-Bukhari]
Commentary:
1. This value of
man does not go with the length of age but with that of intellect, intelligence,
knowledge and consciousness. For this reason, a young boy can have precedence
and preference over the elders due to his clear understanding and vast
knowledge.
2. When a person
gets closer to death, he must devote himself more and more to the praise and
glorification of Allah and beg pardon from Him.
114
- الثالث عن عائشة رضي الله عنها قالت : ما صلى رسول الله صلى الله عليه و سلم صلاة
بعد أن نزلت عليه { إذا جاء نصر الله والفتح } إلا يقول فيها [ سبحانك ربنا وبحمدك
اللهم اغفر لي ] متفق عليه
وفي رواية في الصحيحين عنها : كان رسول الله صلى الله
عليه و سلم يكثر أن يقول في ركوعه وسجوده [ سبحانك اللهم ربنا وبحمدك اللهم اغفر لي
] يتأول القرآن . معنى [ يتأول القرآن ] : أي يعمل ما أمر به في القرآن في قوله
تعالى : { فسبح بحمد ربك واستغفره }
وفي رواية لمسلم : كان رسول الله صلى الله
عليه و سلم يكثر أن يقول قبل أن يموت [ سبحانك وبحمدك أستغفرك وأتوب إليك ] قالت
عائشة قلت : يا رسول الله ما هذه الكلمات التي أراك أحدثتها تقولها ؟ قال : [ جعلت
لي علامة في أمتي إذا رأيتها قلتها { إذا جاء نصر الله والفتح } إلى آخر
السورة
وفي رواية له : كان رسول الله صلى الله عليه و سلم يكثر من قول : [ سبحان
الله وبحمده أستغفر الله وأتوب إليه ] قالت قلت : يا رسول الله أراك تكثر من قول [
سبحان الله وبحمده أستغفر الله وأتوب إليه ] ؟ فقال : [ أخبرني ربي أني سأرى علامة
في أمتي فإذا رأيتها أكثرت من قول سبحان الله وبحمده أستغفر الله وأتوب إليه . فقد
رأيتها { إذا جاء نصر الله والفتح } : فتح مكة { ورأيت الناس يدخلون في دين الله
أفواجا فسبح بحمد ربك واستغفره إنه كان توابا }
114. '
Aishah (May
Allah be pleased with her) said: After the revelation of (the
Surah) "When the Help
of Allah comes (to you, O Muhammad (PBUH) against your enemies) and the Conquest
(of Makkah)'' (110:1), Messenger of Allah (PBUH) used to recite in every
prayer: "Subhanaka
Rabbana wa bihamdika, Allahum-maghfir li (Far removed You are from every
imperfection, our Rubb, and all praise is for You, forgive me, O
Allah)".
[Al-Bukhari
and Muslim].
Another
narration is: Messenger of Allah (PBUH) recited frequently in bowing and
prostration: "Subhanaka
Rabbana wa bihamdika, Allahum-maghfir li. (Far removed You are from every
imperfection, our Rubb, and all praise is for You, forgive me, O
Allah)". He elucidated
that it has been commanded in the Noble Qur'an to recite: "So glorify
the Praises of your Rubb, and ask for His forgiveness. Verily, He is the One Who
accepts the repentance and Who forgives". (V.110:1) And
he (the Messenger of Allah) acted upon it.
According to
the narration in Muslim, Messenger of Allah (PBUH) frequently recited these
words just before he passed away: "Subhanaka
Rabbana wa bihamdika. Astaghfiruka wa atubu ilaika.'' I (`Aishah (May Allah be
pleased with her) asked him: "O Messenger
of Allah! What are these new words which I hear from you repeatedly.'' He
replied, "A sign has
been appointed for me relating to my people that I should repeat these words at
the sight of that sign". Then he
recited Surat
An-Nasr.
Another
narration in Muslim related from `Aishah (May Allah be pleased with her) is:
Messenger of Allah (PBUH) often recited, "Glory be to
Allah and praise be to Him; I seek forgiveness of Allah and turn to Him in
repentance.'' I said to him: "O Messenger
of Allah, I hear you recite frequently: `O Allah, You are free from every
imperfection our Rubb and all praise is for You; I seek forgiveness of Allah and
turn to Him in repentance.''' He replied, "My Rubb has
informed me that I would soon see a sign regarding my people, whenever I see it,
I repeat this statement more often (of His Glorification and Praise and beg
pardon of Him and turn to Him). Now I have witnessed the sign. The revelation of
Surat An-Nasr
and the victory is the conquest of Makkah.''
"When there
comes the Help of Allah (to you, O Muhammad (PBUH) against your enemies) and the
Conquest (of Makkah). And you see that the people enter Allah's religion (Islam)
in crowds. So glorify the Praises of your Rubb, and ask His forgiveness. Verily,
He is the One Who accepts the repentance and Who forgives.''
(110:1-3)
Commentary:
1. Acceptance
and approval of reciting the words `Subhanaka Rabbana wa bihamdika,
Allahum-maghfirli' in Ruku` and Sujud respectively, instead of the words
`Subhana Rabbiyal-Azim' and `Subhana Rabbiyal-A`la'.
2. One must
express his gratitude to Allah whenever he receives a blessing from
Him.
115
- الرابع عن أنس رضي الله عنه قال : إن الله عز و جل تابع الوحي على رسول الله صلى
الله عليه و سلم قبل وفاته حتى توفي أكثر ما كان الوحي . متفق
عليه
115.
Anas (May
Allah be pleased with him) said: Allah the Rubb of honour and glory sent
Revelation to His Messenger (PBUH) more frequently before his death than at any
other time.
[Al-Bukhari
and Muslim].
Commentary:
During the last days of the Prophet (PBUH) the abundance of Wahy (Revelation)
was an indication that he was about to leave this world.
116
- الخامس عن جابر رضي الله عنه قال قال النبي صلى الله عليه و سلم : يبعث كل عبد
على ما مات عليه ] رواه مسلم
16.
Jabir (May
Allah be pleased with him) said: The Prophet (PBUH) said, "Every one
will be raised in the condition in which he dies".
[Muslim].
Commentary:
This Hadith has a meaning similar to the one quoted at another place which
signifies that if a person dies performing good deeds, he will have a good end;
and the one who dies in misdeeds, he will come to a bad end. It is, therefore,
necessary that one should always avoid disobedience of Divine injunctions,
especially in old age and illness because one may fall in the clutches of death
at any time .
